A method to detect the loss of excitation in the synchronous generator using Finite Element method via Maxwell software

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 PhD, Mazandaran Province Electricity Distribution Company, Behshahr, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Mazandaran University of Science and Technology, Behshahr, Iran

Abstract

Loss of excitation (LOE) is one of the main failures of the synchronous generator. In this case, the reactive power delivered by the synchronous generator is reduced. If these conditions are created, the generator will continue to operate above the synchronous range in proportion to the energy applied to its prime mover. These conditions are similar to the operation of an asynchronous generator, in the case of continuing the process of reducing the excitation current and finally cutting it, it will cause serious damage to the generator. The most widely applied method to detect a generator loss of field condition on generators is the use of distance relays to sense the variations of impedance as viewed from the generator terminals. This approach has a low speed and may not be able to distinguish between LOE and stable power swing (SPS). These studies show that the proposed algorithm is faster and more accurate in detecting LOE fault. It also has higher security in distinguishing LOE fault from SPS. In this method, the derivative of the generator terminal voltage and the derivative of the power angle are used, and with the product of these two signals, a fault detection index is obtained. As a result, if the index is negative, a LOE fault has occurred and the simulation results show that in the SPS situation, the LOEDI will be swinging and not negative. To check the performance of the index, several simulations based on the circuit designed with different generators and loads have been performed in Matlab/Simulink software and the validation of its performance has been determined. The results of these studies have shown that the proposed strategy is faster and more accurate. Also, using finite element methods via Maxwell software for validation, simulation of synchronous generator has been done and its results confirm the validity of the proposed method and algorithm.

Highlights

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Applied Electromagnetics
Volume 12, Issue 2 - Serial Number 29
Autumn and winter 2024
December 2024

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History

  • Receive Date: 16 May 2024
  • Revise Date: 03 September 2024
  • Accept Date: 22 October 2024
  • Publish Date: 06 November 2024

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