1
Ph.D., Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
2
PhD student, Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
Abstract
The main purpose of this article is to use metasurfaces to make objects invisible. The process is that, after examining how to analyze the electromagnetic plan metasurface of the plate, a method for the analysis of cylindrical metasurfaces is presented. Then, inspired by the modeling of plan metasurfaces, a method based on the physical characterization of cylindrical metasurfaces in order to model and extract their tensor parameters is expressed. The methods presented in this paper for analyzing, modeling and extracting the parameters of cylindrical metasurfaces can be implemented for any desired type of linear metasurfaces in a wide frequency range consisting of radio and microwave waves to light waves. In the next step, the proposed formulation is used to reduce the scattering of electromagnetic waves from objects or so-called invisibility. The proposed method for invisibility makes it possible to provide different configurations of metasurfaces to achieve any type of invisibility according to the limitations of practical implementation. In addition, the formulation is effective in providing a physical understanding and description of invisibility. To test the results, the formulation of this paper was applied to a designed metasurface sample. Finally, with the help of full-wave simulations, the metasurface tensor parameters are extracted and the desired invisibility is realized.
[1] F. Kuester, M. A. Mohamed, M. Piket-May, and C. L. Holloway, “Averaged transition conditions for electromagnetic fields at a metafilm,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 51, no. 10, 2003. DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2003.817560.
[2] Li, S. Singh, and D. Sievenpiper, “Metasurfaces and their applications,” Nanophotonics, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 989-1011, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2017-0120.
[3] L. Holloway, E. F. Kuester, J. A. Gordon, J. O’Hara, J. Booth, and D. R. Smith, “An overview of the theory and applications of metasurfaces: the two-dimensional equivalents of metamaterials,” IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 10-35, 2012. DOI: 10.1109/MAP.2012.6230714.
[4] S. Asadchy, A. Díaz-Rubio, and S. A. Tretyakov, “Bianisotropic metasurfaces: physics and applications,” Nanophotonics, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 1069-1094, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2017-0132.
[5] Malekzadeh, M. Rezayatfam. "New broadband absorber, lightweight with a thickness of 1.4 mm to reduce the radar cross section of objects", Applied Electromagnetics, 2019. (In Persian). https://sid.ir/ paper/ 526111/fa
[6] R. Simovski, Composite Media with Weak Spatial Dispersion, Pan Satanford Publishing, 2018.
[8] Selvanayagam and G. V. Eleftheriades, “Discontinuous electromagnetic field using orthogonal electric and magnetic currents for wavefront manipulation,” Optics Express, vol. 21, no. 12, pp. 14409-14429, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1364/ OE.21.014409.
[9] C. Jiang et al., “Controlling the polarization state of light with a dispersion-free metastructure,” Physical Review X, vol. 4, pp. 021026, 2014. https://doi.org /10.1103/ PhysRevX.4.021026.
Veysi, C. Guclu, and F. Capolino, “Vortex beams with strong longitudinally polarized magnetic field and their generation by using metasurfaces,” Journal of the Optical Society of America B, vol. 32, no. 345, pp. 345-354, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.32.000345.
Orazbayev, N. Mohammadi Estakhri, A. Alù, and M. Beruete, “Experimental demonstration of metasurface‐based ultrathin carpet cloaks for millimeter waves,” Advanced Optical Materials, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1600606, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201600606.
H. Dorrah, M. Chen, and G. V. Eleftheriades, “Bianisotropic Huygens’ metasurface for wideband impedance matching between two dielectric media,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 66, no. 9, pp. 4729-4742, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/ TAP. 2018.2851361.
Wang et al., “Metantenna: when metasurface meets antenna again,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 1332-1347, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2020.2969246.
Ma, M. S. Mirmoosa, and S. A. Tretyakov, “Parallel-plate waveguides formed by penetrable metasurfaces,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 1773-1785, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/ TAP.2019.2934580.
M. Idemen, Discontinuities in the Electromagnetic Field, John Wiley & Sons, 2011.
J. Griffiths, Introduction to Electrodynamics, 4th Edition, Pearson, 2013.
L. Holloway, M. A. Mohamed, E. F. Kuester, and A. Dienstfrey, “Reflection and transmission properties of a metafilm: with an application to a controllable surface composed of resonant particles,” IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compability, vol. 47, no. 4, 2005. DOI: 10.1109/TEMC.2005.853719.
Achouri, M. A. Salem and C. Caloz, “General metasurface synthesis based on susceptibility tensors,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 63, no. 7, pp. 2977-2991, 2015. DOI: 10.1109/ TAP.2015.2423700.
Albooyeh, S. Tretyakov and C. Simovski, “Electromagnetic characterization of bianisotropic metasurfaces on refractive substrates: General theoretical framework,” Annalen der Physik, vol. 528, no. 9-10, pp. 721-737, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1002/ andp.201600015.
Zaluški, A. Grbic, and S. Hrabar, “Analytical and experimental characterization of metasurfaces with normal polarizability,” Physical Review B, vol. 93, pp. 155156, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.93. 155156.
Epstein and G. V. Eleftheriades, “Synthesis of passive lossless metasurfaces using auxiliary fields for reflectionless beam splitting and perfect reflection,” Physical Review Letters, vol. 117, pp. 256103, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.117.256103
H. Jiang and D. H. Werner, “Exploiting metasurface anisotropy for achieving near-perfect low-profile cloaks beyond the quasi-static limit,” Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, vol. 46, pp. 505306, 2013. DOI 10.1088/0022-3727/46/50/505306
A. Balanis, Advanced Engineering Electromagnetics, 2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2012.
G. Dudley, Mathematical Foundations for Electromagnetic Theory, John Wiley & Sons, 1994.
F. Bohren and D. R. Huffman, Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles, John Wiley & Sons, 1983.
-H. Kwon, “Lossless tensor surface electromagnetic cloaking for large objects in free space,” Physical Review B, vol. 98, pp. 125137, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1103/ PhysRevB.98.125137
Safari, H. Kazemi, A. Abdolali, M. Albooyeh, and F. Capolino, “Illusion mechanisms with cylindrical metasurfaces: A general synthesis approach,” Physical Review B, vol. 100, pp. 165418, 2019. https://doi.org/ 10.1103/PhysRevB.100.165418
zarepour, M., & hoseinzadeh, M. (2023). Modeling, analysis, and extraction of Metasurface parameters of electromagnetic cylinders for invisibility of objects. Applied Electromagnetics, 11(2), 43-53.
MLA
mehdi zarepour; masoud hoseinzadeh. "Modeling, analysis, and extraction of Metasurface parameters of electromagnetic cylinders for invisibility of objects", Applied Electromagnetics, 11, 2, 2023, 43-53.
HARVARD
zarepour, M., hoseinzadeh, M. (2023). 'Modeling, analysis, and extraction of Metasurface parameters of electromagnetic cylinders for invisibility of objects', Applied Electromagnetics, 11(2), pp. 43-53.
VANCOUVER
zarepour, M., hoseinzadeh, M. Modeling, analysis, and extraction of Metasurface parameters of electromagnetic cylinders for invisibility of objects. Applied Electromagnetics, 2023; 11(2): 43-53.