تحلیل گذرای خطوط انتقال متصل به برق‌گیر در برخورد مستقیم صاعقه با در نظر گرفتن پدیده غیرخطی یونیزاسیون و اثر وابستگی فرکانسی پارامترهای الکتریکی خاک تلفاتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران

چکیده

در این مقاله، اضافه ولتاژ خطوط هوایی متصل به برق‌گیر در برخورد مستقیم صاعقه با در نظر گرفتن پدیده غیرخطی یونیزاسیون و اثر وابستگی فرکانسی پارامترهای الکتریکی خاک محاسبه می‌شود. بدین منظور، از تحلیلگرهای گذرای الکترومغناطیسی می‌توان استفاده کرد. در این سناریو، برق‌گیر توسط یک الکترود عمودی زمین می‌شود. جهت اعمال وابستگی فرکانسی پارامترهای خاک، از تقریب فرکانس معادل استفاده می‌شود به­گونه­ای‌که خاک با پارامترهای الکتریکی ثابت معادل جایگزین می‌شود. همچنین برای لحاظ کردن اثر یونیزاسیون خاک، از مقاومت غیرخطی در مدار معادل RLC الکترود عمودی استفاده می‌شود. نتایج شبیه‌سازی نشان می‌دهد که ولتاژ القایی برق‌گیر در چهار حالت (بدون یونیزاسیون و وابستگی فرکانسی، فقط اثر یونیزاسیون، فقط اثر وابستگی فرکانسی، یونیزاسیون و وابستگی فرکانسی به‌صورت هم‌زمان) متفاوت می‌باشد به‌گونه‌ای‌که ولتاژ القایی برق‌گیر در حالتی­که هر دو اثر لحاظ می‌شود نسبت به حالت‌هایی که هیچ اثر یا یک اثر لحاظ می‌شود، کمتر می‌شود این کاهش در خاک‌هایی که مقاومت ویژه بالا است یا طول الکترود عمودی زیاد می‌شود، محسوس‌تر است. این حقیقت نقش مهمی در طراحی برق‌گیرها ایفا می‌کند که باید توسط مهندسین قدرت لحاظ شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Transient Analysis of the Transmission Lines Terminated to Arrester Under Direct Strikes Considering the Nonlinear Phenomenon of Ionization and the Frequency Dependence Effect of Electrical Parameters of Lossy Soil

نویسنده [English]

  • Saeed Reza Ostadzadeh
Assistant Professor, Arak University, Arak, Iran
چکیده [English]

In this paper, the overvoltage of the transmission lines terminated to an arrester under direct lightning strike is computed, considering the nonlinear phenomenon of ionization and the frequency dependence effect of electrical parameters of lossy soils. To this end, electromagnetic transient solvers can be used. In this scenario, the arrester is grounded via a vertical electrode. To apply the frequency dependence of soil parameters, the approximation of equivalent frequency is used in such a way that the soil parameters are replaced with equivalent constant electrical parameters, while the nonlinear phenomenon of ionization is modelled with a nonlinear resistance in the RLC equivalent circuit of the vertical electrode. The simulation results show that the induced voltages across the arrester are different in the four scenaios (neither ionization nor frequency dependence, only ionization dependance, only frequency dependence, and both ionization and frequency dependence), specifically the induced voltage across the arrester when both effects are considered is reduced compared to the situations where both effects are ignored or only one effect is considered. This reduction for highly resistive soils and for electrodes with long lengths is more pronounced. This fact plays an important role in designing lightning arresters which should be considered by power engineers..

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ionization
  • Transmission Line
  • Frequency Dependence
  • Arrester
  • Lightning Strike
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دوره 9، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 23
شماره پیاپی 23، دوفصلنامه پاییز و زمستان
دی 1400
صفحه 17-25
  • تاریخ دریافت: 11 شهریور 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 27 مهر 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 12 تیر 1400
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 مهر 1400